Technobabbles I try to sound like I know what I'm talking about. Don't be fooled.

27Feb/120

My Google AdSense Account: Moved to Where It Belongs

Google AdSense logoHonestly, I'm no longer sure how it happened, but suffice it to say that a few years ago I did something stupid.

No, no, it was nothing like that. I just applied for Google AdSense a few days before my actual 18th birthday. That, of course, netted me a declined application, because I was obviously still too young to participate in AdSense — but I wasn't counting on it also killing my ability to reapply later. When I tried again to sign up for AdSense using my main Google Account, after I was old enough, I got nothing but errors.

When I emailed Google AdSense Support about the problem, they said I could just reapply, but would have to use a different email address — meaning a different Google Account — to do so. I eventually did so, after I created an alias or two at Gmail, but I never used the approved account. I wasn't sure if I even wanted to try ads on this site, and I also had a hang-up about the principle of having one service in an account separate from all the others.

I did try to change the login email address associated with my approved AdSense account. The only problem was, my account's login couldn't be changed, because it was associated with a Gmail account. I was less than pleased, but figured it was a problem I could solve later.

And so it was: Last week, just in time for February break at college, I discovered that my primary Google Account again had the ability to apply for AdSense. Maybe there's some kind of expiration on declined applications; I haven't read enough of Google's policies to figure that out. (Who has the time, especially as a full-time college student?) So I did it: I reapplied for AdSense on my primary account.

Google's systems noticed that an active AdSense account already claimed my Payee Name. But instead of telling me I couldn't complete my application, as I expected, it asked if I wanted to transfer the account. What did I say? Yes!, of course.

I filled out a short form, got a bit of data from my approved AdSense account, agreed to forfeit my $0.00 of unpaid earnings in the old AdSense account,1 submitted, and waited. In less than an hour, I got confirmations addressed to both my old and new email addresses that my account had been transferred. I logged into AdSense using my main Google Account, and it worked.

Technically, what Google did was close my old account and open a new one associated with my primary Gmail address. That's why unpaid earnings below the payment threshold didn't transfer. If I had generated ad code using the old account, I would have had to replace it. Not having to deal with that made a simple process even easier.

Thanks, Google. Every so often, you do something that makes me really happy. This was one of those things.

This change affects my website in a small way: I'm testing AdSense ads in the places supported by LightWord, the WordPress theme I use, whose development I have kind of taken over.2 Since enabling the new ads (which only show on single posts) several days ago, I've seen exactly zero clicks. It'll be an interesting experiment to see if that changes.

  1. Earnings below the payment threshold of US$10 are forfeit in transfers. Not that I ever used my old account, so it couldn't possibly have any earnings. [↩]
  2. It's not like anyone has really seen my changes. I haven't gotten around to officially forking the code and releasing my own version under a different name. Doing that sounds like a summer project, maybe, depending on how busy I am, as it will involve updating the theme code to meet all of the current Theme Review guidelines. [↩]

Filed under: Google, internet, My Websites, w00t No Comments
26Feb/120

Guest Post: 5 Creative Uses for QR Codes

This guest post was written by Claire from WhoIsHostingThis.com, where you can compare the top host user ratings and hosting for blogs.

QR codes can look a little mysterious unless you present them in the right way. Lots of businesses are placing QR codes on goods these days, but it's unlikely that the average consumer will take the trouble to scan them unless they feel like there's some benefit or interesting angle to make it worthwhile. Here are five ways to make your QR codes stand out.

1. Incorporate a picture in the code itself

There's a certain amount of tolerance in a QR code, and if you're clever, you can incorporate a design into the barcode itself. A restaurant in L.A., Ayara Thai Cuisine, commissioned a design agency to cleverly slip a line drawing of an elephant into their QR code. Louis Vuitton incorporated Japanese-style characters, diamonds and multi-coloured flowers into their QR code design.

2. Put the code in a place where people wait

Waiting for a train, standing at the bus stop… there are some places ideally suited to QR codes. While people are waiting for something, they're likely to take their smartphone out and start playing around with it, so why not give them something new to try? Tesco, the British supermarket giant, recently rolled out QR code grocery shopping in Korean subway stations, entirely powered by QR. HomePlus, its Korean subsidiary, allows bored commuters to fill a virtual shopping basket while waiting for their train.

3. Encourage interactivity

QR codes aren't just used by advertisers — they can be used to add an extra dimension to the world around us. Kolumbus, a Norwegian company that handles public transport, placed 4,000 QR codes at bus stops. When a passenger scans the code, they get informations about departure times, and messages from people who have been to the same stop. Much like Geocaching or Facebook Places, it encourages users to attach stories to the places they visit.

4. Make your code by hand

The pixellated nature of the QR code makes them relatively easy to re-create on a larger scale, and several artists have created QR codes from real objects. Photographer David Sykes promoted the launch of a new website with a QR code photograph of real objects. The piece was made on a canvas more than two metres square and photographed by a camera directly above it. He used a variety of objects, all painted black, including skulls, hair dryers, briefcases, champagne bottles and shoes.

5. Animate static objects with codes

Several companies have advertised in magazines with QR codes, taking the user to video content which makes the ad appear to leap out of the page. Ballantine's, a whiskey company, ran a campaign which featured a man being tattooed with a QR code embedded in the design:

Once the tattoo was finished and the code was scanned, the tattoo appeared to 'come to life'.

This post's formatting is mine, but the text represents another person's opinion and does not necessarily reflect my own thoughts.

Filed under: Guest Content, technology No Comments
25Feb/123

Why I Will Not Use Seesmic, Ever

Update (03/03): This post garnered a response from a Seesmic employee, Yama, in the comments. From "figure out the best pricing model", I gather that pricing remains undecided, so I maintain my hope for a HootSuite-like freemium model. I'm also glad to hear that the green bar will be reviewed for possible improvements. Thank you, Yama; if I have more thoughts I will certainly email you.

Earlier this month, no doubt on or soon after February 6, 2012, I went to Ping.fm to find a green bar on top of the area where I usually clicked to log in and get on with posting things to my social networks. Seesmic, apparently, had other plans. They really wanted to make sure I heard about their new product, Seesmic Ping. They covered the login link with a green bar to make sure I'd notice it.

Ping.fm with a green bar advertising Seesmic Ping

The offending green bar on Ping.fm's homepage

All right, fine, I went to have a look. I didn't feel like signing up for the new service, though. Instead, I dug up the blog post announcing Seesmic Ping, from February 6. Near the end, there was a very telling paragraph:1

For Ping.fm users – With the release of Seesmic Ping, we’ll look to maintain Ping.fm for some time. In the meantime, we encourage you to sign up for a Seesmic Profile and give Seesmic Ping a ride through our mobile applications or the web.

I wasn't the only one made uneasy by those two sentences. "for some time" really doesn't mean "indefinitely", and sure sounds like Seesmic will eventually kill Ping.fm entirely.

Axe Ping.fm?

Source images: Question mark, Axe, logo from Ping.fm website

I've had complaints over the years with Ping.fm, occasionally with performance. But most of them came from decisions made by Seesmic, explicitly or not, after they acquired Ping.fm. They were things like:

  • No new API keys for applications
  • Disabling API keys for applications like the Shorten2Ping WordPress plugin, instead of blocking the users who were spamming
  • No new services for years
  • Issues with existing services, like Jaiku (which Google later shut down completely about a month ago)2
  • Broken post-by-email3

Despite all the issues following the Seesmic acquisition, Ping.fm has remained solidly usable. But Seesmic has now announced a successor to Ping.fm — and what's more, they intend to charge for it (emphasis mine):4

We’ll look to have more features and services when Seesmic Ping comes out of beta as a paid service.

No pricing came with the announcement, just a notice that the new service would eventually cost money. I know we've all been spoiled by free Web services, and the money has to come from somewhere, but somehow I have my doubts that Seesmic will take an approach that is consumer-friendly. HootSuite has a great pricing model: Features that consumers will use (a few profiles, with one user who can manage them) are free; business-level features (more profiles, multiple-user collaboration) cost money. I don't think Seesmic Ping will follow that structure; if I had to guess, everyone will have to pay for it.

I mean, really, Seesmic could have made the green bar push the entire page down, instead of floating it over the four tabs at the top. Look at what it covers:

The green bar superimposed on the normal Ping.fm look

With the green bar made partially transparent, we can see what it covers

It floated on top of the page for a reason, I'm sure. Putting it there made me click on it to make it go away (it didn't). Then I read it, and followed the link. No doubt I followed the expected sequence of actions precisely. And that irritates me, because the green bar should have just looked like this:

How the green bar should have looked, pushing down the rest of the page

This is just as informative, but less annoying.
It probably failed the In-Your-Face Test.

I imagine that the reasoning went something like, "If it doesn't cover the login link, users will ignore it. No, displacing the login link by 40 pixels isn't enough; it has to actually be inaccessible. We will force users to read this bar on every single page." Oh yeah, it pops up on every single page view. Home, login, Dashboard, settings, you-name-it — green bar ALL the pages... for lack of a better X all the Y idea.

There was also an email newsletter sent out on February 15, announcing Seesmic Ping, which I read after going through the whole "green bar" thing. It too addressed the future of Ping.fm... sort of:5

Like many of you, we appreciate the passion that Ping.fm brings, and made sure to carry over its core value of the simplicity in posting. With the launch of Seesmic Ping, we continue to enhance this service with reliability and robustness, while offering key features such as scheduling and the ability to post to multiple Twitter accounts and Facebook pages.
Eventually, Seesmic Ping will be a paid service. While in beta, Seesmic Ping is free to access. If you have any feedback, please tell us what you think: feedback.seesmic.com.

The email announcement carefully avoided any mention of shutting down Ping.fm. The original blog post never changed, though, so the plans are certainly still in place.

Bar chart of which interface @hidgw used to post to Twitter, as of 02:25 EST February 25, 2012

TweetStats' bar chart showing how I posted my tweets, as of 02:25 EST February 25, 2012

This state of affairs is really disappointing, because I've used Ping.fm as a staple of my online life for, literally, years. According to TweetStats, I've posted from Ping.fm more than I have from Twitter.com. (twhirl is still on top because I used to have it open all the time back in high school.) I post from the Web, from a third-party app on my Android phone, via SMS, and I used to use email posting from my mother's cell phone back before I had my own. In short, I use Ping.fm a lot. It still is the best option I've found on the market for cross-posting to different social networks.

If When Ping.fm goes away, I'll probably end up switching to Hellotxt. Hellotxt has its own share of issues at the moment, including a lot of services that are disabled and a significant slowness to the site, but it's still the best alternative to Ping.fm. I can also just roll up my sleeves and build my own personal system, since all of the sites I use provide free API access, but I'd rather not take the time to do that. It would also load my (very) shared server and lack a lot of features like posting via SMS6 and scheduled posting.7 Could I implement them? Sure. Would I take the time? Questionable. Additional features also mean additional server load, and so on.

The point is, I have only one practical alternative — Hellotxt — because building my own is hard, time-consuming, and unlikely to happen any time soon. I dream that Seesmic will change plans and decide not to kill Ping.fm, but the reality is that it's almost certain to happen and the only question is when. Hopefully Hellotxt will have its issues worked out by then and will be ready to take over as king of the cross-posting niche. It would certainly serve Seesmic right if Ping never went anywhere, and that might be worth losing Ping.fm.

As for never using Seesmic, ever, well, let's just say I oppose the way they do things. I don't like it when a company buys another company, takes the ideas and technology from existing products, and then shuts down the old company's services. Google does that a lot, and those are the times when I come closest to hating Google. The difference is, Google almost always creates awesome things out of the remains of old companies and services. Seesmic hasn't really done anything but allow a useful product to stagnate, and now they're going to kill it at some unspecified future date, replacing it with something that can never be a true replacement. You can't replace a free service with a paid service; it doesn't work that way.

If Seesmic takes their pricing structure in the same direction as HootSuite, though, and they only charge for certain features, I might actually give Ping a try. I have a hard time imagining a situation that would make me actually like Seesmic as a company, though.

  1. The paragraph was riddled with links to Seesmic.com, which I didn't copy. There was no point. [↩]
  2. Unlike other social networks that died, Jaiku had a dedicated following willing to preserve its contents, if not the functionality. Apparently, my "presences" are archived. [↩]
  3. Added later on publish date (23:20 or so) when I discovered that Shorten2Ping had failed to post this article via Ping.fm. My server's emails are working. The problem is with Ping.fm. Grr. [↩]
  4. Yes, I skipped copying another link to Seesmic.com. All occurrences of "Seesmic Ping" were linked except for one. I guess somebody missed it. [↩]
  5. And just like in the blog post, every occurrence of the phrase "Seesmic Ping" was linked to Seesmic.com. Talk about carpet-bombing links. [↩]
  6. If I'm not paying for Seesmic Ping, I'm certainly not shelling out for an SMS gateway to serve my one-user app. [↩]
  7. Ping.fm only has scheduled posting because HootSuite supports Ping.fm. It's not native. Hellotxt has native scheduling, but I haven't tested it yet. [↩]

Filed under: internet, Jaiku, opinion, technology, tools, Twitter 3 Comments
30Nov/110

Facebook News Apps Open Firehose of Pageviews

This is my fourth (and final) blog post assignment for my Journalism course. It's kind of an op-ed in its own right, though not something I was likely to bother writing about if not for the assignment.

Back in September, at its f8 conference, Facebook announced a new kind of app, with the ability to use "frictionless sharing" — basically a fancy way of saying that users' activity can be shared without users specifically clicking a "Share" button.

The first reaction to this announcement was lukewarm at best. As users began to notice just how much activity was being shared, they complained about both ends of the process. Some users were upset about how much of their activity was being shared (Spotify, in particular, started out by sharing every single track listened to); others felt overwhelmed by the new activity ticker in the upper right corner of their Facebook home pages (which was flooded by Spotify posts in the beginning).

News organizations jumped on board with their own apps for auto-sharing every article read by a Facebook user. Some, like Washington Post Social Reader, live entirely in Facebook, allowing (and encouraging) users to read articles without even leaving Facebook.com. Others, like Yahoo News, share activity from the organization's site via code that pushes activity to Facebook.

The Yahoo News model of frictionless sharing is actually more disturbing, because there's little to no indication to the user that sharing is taking place. Activity on Facebook can be reasonably expected to be shared, but activity on a third-party site seems outside Facebook's influence.

There are other considerations as well, around the meaning of sharing. As Farhad Manjoo wrote in a now-archived Slate article, "You experience a huge number of things every day, but you choose to tell your friends about only a fraction of them, because most of what you do isn’t worth mentioning." Nicki Porter, blogging for CopyPress.com (which provides content development services), made a very relevant point based on that: "If we only share about 10% of what we see online, we’re sharing the best 10%."

Philosophy and user opinion aside, the last two months have seen massive growth in news app usage. Poynter's Jeff Sonderman wrote this morning that news organizations are reaching millions of users through these new auto-sharing apps. In particular, Open Graph statistics released by Facebook yesterday show:

  • Yahoo News: 600% increase in traffic from Facebook; 10 million users connected, who read more articles than the average
  • The Independent: 1 million monthly active connected users; articles from the late 1990s taken viral
  • The Guardian: 4 million users installed their app, more than half of them under age 24; averaging nearly 1 million extra pageviews per day
  • Washington Post: 3.5 million monthly active users of Social Reader app; 83% of readers under age 35

Facebook is helping news organizations with a box at the top of the homepage News Feed that shows a small selection of stories that friends have read recently.

The lesson from all this is that a platform like Facebook, which has over 800 million active users (as self-reported on its statistics page), can be a real boon to news outlets. Traffic equals eyeballs, and more eyeballs can generate more advertising revenue.

What's especially interesting to me is how similar the new sharing (which is officially part of the Open Graph API) seems to Beacon, a "mistake" (said Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook) that launched in late 2007 but was shut down in 2009.

Beacon also shared user activity on third-party sites back to Facebook, at first without permission. The class-action lawsuit Lane v. Facebook, Inc. resulted in Beacon being modified to require user confirmation before any sharing occurred. Open Graph sharing as it is today resembles the original Beacon, sending data to Facebook and publishing activity without any user intervention or even consent.

I, for one, stubbornly refuse to install any of those new auto-sharing Facebook apps. (Fortunately, it's pretty easy to bypass the request for permissions that pops up when I click an article featured at the top of my own News Feed.) I agree with Farhad Manjoo and Nicki Porter: Sharing is about choice. If I want to share something, I'll take the three minutes to post it myself.

Filed under: opinion, school No Comments
9Nov/111

Finding Sources for Interviews is Hard

This is my third blog post assignment for my Journalism class. I went for the reflection option this time instead of the news topic option because I had something to say about my experiences with the class in the last two weeks.

As I've worked to find people I can interview for my feature article, I've found that it can be really difficult to actually connect with even one person who can address the topic in question. Many people will simply ignore interview requests.

I'm sure part of the problem is my choice of subject. Not that many people know about Bitcoin, after all. What's more, privacy and anonymity are cornerstones of Bitcoin's design. That makes them part of the user culture…or maybe that just means Bitcoin attracts privacy fanatics.

In any case, I've successfully found only one source, an assistant professor of economics here on campus. I found him through the head of the economics department, and even that wasn't in time for me to include in my first draft anything he said. (He's only on campus on Fridays, and I didn't get his name until the Saturday before the Thursday my draft was due.) I also couldn't take the time to properly write my first draft. It was probably the roughest piece of writing I've ever submitted to a teacher, whether graded or not. (Well, there were those bits of writing I did in elementary school, but I won't count those because I don't count those years as part of my real education.)

On the social media front, I've had a nibble or two, but no real responses. I got a really good referral on Twitter from someone I interact with pretty often, who told me about a Bitcoin fanatic he knows, but this fanatic 1) has a private Twitter stream and 2) ignored my attempts to get in touch. What I said about privacy before definitely applies to this guy.

Actually, a follow-up message to the economics department chair here at Brandeis fell through the cracks when I asked about another source within the department who might be available for interview sooner — in time for my first draft. (I hope it fell through the cracks; the alternative is being ignored, and I don't like being ignored when I'm trying to do an assignment. No, Brandeis' email system doesn't lose messages. Google Apps has higher reliability than that. I use it for my personal domain, so I have some experience there.) I guess that can't be blamed on the Bitcoin culture.

Having failed to find any more sources in the week since turning in my draft, I plan to launch something of a guerilla campaign on Friday. (The rest of Wednesday and all of Thursday will be dedicated to making sure I finish my Java programming assignment by the deadline, and to studying for my Hebrew midterm on Friday morning.) My current campaign hit list includes the economics and computer science departments of several colleges, a few friends of mine who must either know about or know someone who knows about Bitcoin, and a couple of legal firms with which I have connections. This last item is important, as I need to understand the legal environment surrounding Bitcoins competing with the United States Dollar (and with every other nation's currency).

May my campaign result in a deluge of responses. If it doesn't work, I guess I'll be asking my professor for help on or around Tuesday afternoon.

As an aside, Bitcoin is also hard to research. In looking for material online (for not much has been said about it in physical media), I followed many dead links. The system is somewhat unstable, as shown by what happened when the Mt. Gox exchange was compromised (a part of my research); the information resources about it are even more so.

Thanks to my source-finding campaign plans and my need for better research, I foresee that my weekend will be full of work for my journalism class. Well, the part of it that is not taken up by tech week for The Last Night of Ballyhoo, for which I am the sound designer.

Perhaps I should just say that I will be having a busy week(end).

Filed under: musings, opinion, school 1 Comment
17Oct/110

Leaky Websites

This is my second blog post assignment for my Journalism course. As with the first, reposted here because "why not".

The New York Times' "Bits" blog published an article last Tuesday that really opened my eyes. The Center for Internet and Society at Stanford Law School released data on what information is passed between certain popular websites.

Long story short, logging in (or even trying and failing to log in) to a site can pass information about you to third parties. That information can be as innocuous (but still trackable) as a "unique identifier" generated by the site or as specific as your email address, username, and real name.

Somini Sengupta (author of the Bits blog post) says:

Take for instance these findings, released on Tuesday by computer scientists at Stanford University. If you type a wrong password into the Web site of The Wall Street Journal, it turns out that your e-mail address quietly slips out to seven unrelated Web sites. Sign on to NBC and, likewise, seven other companies can capture your e-mail address. Click on an ad on HomeDepot.com and your first name and user ID are instantly revealed to 13 other companies.

I did some digging of my own through the Microsoft­® Excel® spreadsheet available from the Stanford Law School page (direct link to XLSX file) and found some interesting examples of my own.

For example, MSN.com leaks your birth year and birthdate to FBCDN.net (a domain owned by Facebook and used for content distribution). Facebook's CDN can't possibly need that information for anything but tracking. Take another case: Ask.com sends your username to Google Analytics, reCAPTCHA (owned by Google), ScorecardResearch (part of comScore, Inc.), Gigya (a company that "makes websites social"), Quantserve.com (used by Quantcast, an advertising network), IMRWorldwide.com (controlled by Nielsen), and LinkedIn.

Incredibly, The Huffington Post's website sends your username to BlogCDN.com (another CDN), BuzzFeed ("Tracks the Web's Obsessions in Real Time"), AdSonar (owned by Advertising.com; provides targeted text ads), ScorecardResearch, AOL.com (Huffington Post's owner), FBCDN.net, aolcdn.com (AOL's CDN), ATWOLA.com (stands for AOL Time Warner Online Advertising; tracks surfing habits), Facebook.com and Facebook.net, Google Analytics, IMRWorldwide.com, Quantserve.com, and HuffPost.com (used for delivering static content without cookies, ironically); your birthday to BuzzFeed and IMRWorldwide.com; and your birth year to Advertising.com and ATWOLA.com.

The point is, any information given to a website as part of the registration process or entered later while updating a profile allows third parties to do just that: profile you as a person through your behavior across countless sites. All this tracking is thanks to the triviality of circumventing the "same origin policy" of data stored in browser cookies through collaboration between sites.

A standard feature of Web browsers is sending the address of the last page visited (the "referrer") to the page being loaded. In the case of images, scripts, or other resources loaded within a page, the referrer is the page in which they are embedded. If the page displaying advertising has personal information embedded in its URL, that information is passed on to any sites whose assets are embedded in the page. This kind of information leakage can be accidental as well as deliberate. It does not typically function for sites that are encrypted (URLs beginning with https://), as most browsers disable sending referrers for secured connections.

Websites intentionally wanting to share user information might go about doing so another way, and while I had a written explanation of an example process it is sufficient to say that methods for intentionally sharing information and tracking users across domains, even in spite of user privacy choices like clearing cookies, are numerous.

When information is revealed in the URL, it's not necessarily intentional. Back in May, Symantec discovered (The Daily Mail reports) that some applications on Facebook's platform were potentially giving advertisers access to users' accounts due to app URLs including access tokens, the bits of information older Facebook apps used to identify themselves and connect to users' accounts. It was just an oversight.

Filed under: internet, school, technology No Comments
14Sep/110

Google Books and the Book Industry

I wrote this for my Journalism class at college, but figured I might as well share it here too.

The New York Times ran a story Monday about a new lawsuit filed against HathiTrust, a partnership of universities and research libraries that maintains a digital book collection on its website.

Plaintiffs in the suit include three major authors' groups: the Authors Guild, the Australian Society of Authors, and the Québec Union of Writers. Eight individual authors are also party to the filing, among them Pat Cummings, Roxana Robinson, and T.J. Stiles.

The objections raised in the suit center around the HathiTrust collection itself. "[S]even million copyright-protected books" (according to Paul Aiken, executive director of the Authors Guild, as quoted by the NYT) are available without any consent from the authors. The Authors Guild and its fellow plaintiffs say that the collection violates copyright law.

HathiTrust's collection consists of books digitized by Google, Inc. as part of the Google Books project, which has been steadily scanning books from participating university libraries across the United States.

The Google Books project has been the subject of many lawsuits over the years since work on it was begun in 2002. A few examples will help provide context:

  • 2005: The Authors Guild sues Google for "plain and brazen violation of copyright law" (archived press release from AG via Archive.org)
  • 2009: French court halts Google Books in France: the ruling applies only to books published in France under copyright (Los Angeles Times article)
  • 2010: Several professional photographers' organizations bring a class-action suit regarding the reproduction of copyrighted images within the books scanned by Google (Mashable.com article)

The Authors Guild has been involved with this issue before. This time, the fight has been brought to an organization with a bit less might than Google.

But never mind who sued whom, for what, and when. The issue is really quite simple, and most of the lawsuits against Google Books have had little to no merit.

United States copyright law (the laws under which most Google Books lawsuits have been filed) contains a doctrine known as Fair Use. It was originally intended to protect commentary, critique, and parody of copyrighted works. However, the principles of Fair Use (Cornell University Law School Legal Information Institute):

  1. "the purpose and character of the use" — e.g. for commentary, critique, parody, scholarship, etc.
  2. "the nature of the copyrighted work" — published/unpublished, fact/fiction
  3. "the amount and substantiality of the portion used" — how much of the work was used, and how significant the used portion is to the work as a whole
  4. "the effect of the use upon the potential market" — if the use of that portion will negatively affect demand for or the value of the original work

(Thanks to Stanford University's Copyright & Fair Use information center for helping me refresh my own memory of these concepts.)

The way Google Books works is carefully designed to fit within existing copyright laws. Books in the public domain are fully accessible, with no restrictions. Copyrighted, in-print books allow whatever access the publisher has specified. For in-copyright books that do not have a publisher, Google restricts access to "snippets", which show just a few words surrounding the user's search term.

So: Whenever Google Books shows a significant portion of a book, it has permission from the publisher to do so. Without permission, Google Books displays tiny fractions of the full work in an immensely transformative manner.

Google Books falls well within Fair Use doctrine, at the very least. Displaying card catalog – type information about the book plus at most a sentence or so for each search result (I'll go down the Fair Use list):

  1. Is for scholarly reasons
  2. Uses published works
  3. Displays at most a few percent of the whole book
  4. May actually increase demand for the books featured in the results

(Parts of Lawrence Lessig's 2006 video discussion of Google Book Search came in handy for an overview of how Google Books works.)

So why are publishers and authors suing Google and HathiTrust?

As far as I can tell,[original research?] HathiTrust follows the same rules as Google Books. This makes sense, as the content is from the Google Books program.

HathiTrust's entire archive is intended for academic use. It's unclear why the various plaintiffs in this new lawsuit are suing for the removal of their books from the archive, rather than suing for better access controls. If the concern is that anyone can access the books (which they can), then restricting access to verified researchers would clear up the problem.

It's like big music, film, and television. The music industry figured out that it could simply adapt to the Internet and start offering content over the new medium, giving people an alternative to pirated copies shared through services like Napster, LimeWire, and BitTorrent. Film and television haven't yet figured that out, and I guess the book industry is still working on it too.

Filed under: internet, musings, opinion, school, technology No Comments
7Sep/110

Finally: Google Voice Export Feature Released (sort of)

It took quite a while — more than two years since launching in March 2009—but Google Voice finally supports exporting!

I'd love to think my export format ideas post had something to do with the end product released yesterday, but I seriously doubt it.

Sort of...

Let's just say, Google Takeout isn't behaving very well. The test archive I created yesterday won't download, and I've tried both Google Chrome 13 and Mozilla Firefox 3.6. The feature isn't there yet, but I'm sure Google engineers are working on it.

I'm still happy...as soon as they make it actually work.

Filed under: Google, Google Voice, internet, w00t No Comments
10Jun/110

There Is Always a Choice

I recently read a headline in the Minneapolis Star Tribune featuring an unfortunate wolf at the Minnesota Zoo.

The story went that this 8-year-old male Mexican gray wolf — an endangered species — escaped from his1 enclosure through a gap in the fencing of the keeper's area. He proceeded halfway around the grounds before being tracked to the Northern Trail area and shot.

Yes. Shot.

Tranquilizers would not have acted soon enough, Minnesota Zoo officials said, forcing them to destroy the 8-year-old male.

I beg to differ. There was nothing forcing these people to shoot an innocent animal — an intelligent being. Wolves belong to the canine family, and do we not use dogs every day to help track criminals, find explosives, and guide the blind (to name a few)?

We do. Canines are intelligent beings. The fact that they are used in so many different parts of human society prove that. They wouldn't be useful in their jobs without intelligence.

So what "forced" the zoo officials to have the wolf shot? Tranquilizers would have taken 8 – 10 minutes to take effect, and that delay was deemed too long.

Never mind that the wolf hadn't approached anyone.

Ignore the fact that he was probably a very freaked-out wolf, more concerned with getting away from people than with attacking them.

In fact, the paper ran a follow-up story the very next day. They quote a wolf researcher:

"That animal wouldn't have been dangerous, period," countered David Mech, a wolf researcher and vice chairman of the International Wolf Center in Ely, Minn.

Sure, anyone would get a little pissed after being stuck with a tranquilizer dart. But tranquilizers and guns weren't the only choices. Could not keepers go out with nets to catch the wolf? They already evacuated visitors, so there was no immediate danger to anyone who might sue the zoo.

Why didn't the animal "experts" come up with a better solution than a gun? Doesn't the Minnesota Zoo — a considerably large zoological institution — maintain contingency plans for escaped animals? Don't they have equipment for containing said escapees?

I am reminded, in a somewhat macabre firing of synapses, of the "death by misadventure" scenarios of many role-playing games. Choose to enter the wrong cavern, and die; or pick up the wrong item, and die. Go through the wrong hole, and die.

If the story had included any mention of the wolf going after visitors, my views might be different (but then, there are many non-lethal ways of neutralizing a threatening animal). But it didn't. Nobody reported being threatened by the wolf. He was just exploring.

That's all he did: He chose to explore the wrong hole.

Zoo officials got scared, panicked, and had an intelligent being killed.

Nobody forced them to do it. Their own fears of potential litigation pushed them into the easy solution.

Killing is never the only option. There is always a choice.

  1. I will use personal pronouns. Referring to the wolf in question as "it" would put me uncomfortably close to the level of consideration displayed by Zoo officials. [↩]

Filed under: opinion No Comments
7Jun/110

Hello Android: LG Optimus V Review

Use NET10 and need more airtime? My LG 300G with 2675 minutes lost service on 2012-02-15, but it's still renewable for up to 30 days if someone wants the airtime! Contact me with an offer

I've been using NET10 as my cellular carrier for nearly two years. I got their most basic phone (the LG 300G) at a Wal-Mart in Colorado Springs, CO, in June 2009 and have been paying $15/month ever since for 150 – 200 minutes (10¢ each, or 5¢ per text message).

I got tired of that phone's slowness and tiny keypad rather quickly, as I tired of NET10's baseline service. I got a number and access to the network, but that was all. They also gave me a number that was prone to receiving calls from collection agencies and spam text messages. (Finding a way to block such junk proved to be impossible, as I detailed in my pseudo-review of NET10 from February 2010.)

Getting a new phone was only a matter of finding the right one. It took a while, but it did happen.

Acquisition

This February, I passed by a Radio Shack store and saw an Android phone with a decent price tag on a poster in the front window. I stopped in for a few minutes to see what it was all about. It was there that I met the LG Optimus V, a $150 Android phone with a minimum $25/month contract-free service plan from Virgin Mobile U.S. (including 300 minutes and unlimited texting & data).

I had to run to a show that evening (the life of a stage manager is never simple), but the seed had been planted.

Over the coming weeks, I kept thinking about that phone. I researched it a bit and found that it was a recent release, only a month out of the gate. I found that Virgin Mobile had put out one other Android phone, the Samsung Intercept, that had a physical keyboard but (as kept coming up in the reviews I read) horrible performance. Nearly every Optimus V review I read was positive. Score!

I even dreamed about having the Optimus V one night. Despite drooling over the iPod Touch, iPad, and so on with all the other geeks of the world, not once did I dream about having any of them. I took that to be a sign. When I saw it on sale at BestBuy.com for $130 a few days later, that clinched it.

But BestBuy.com was sold out of the phone, and so were all the nearby stores. Nobody else had it on sale, so I wasn't about to just go out and find it elsewhere. I waited and hoped that it would be back in stock before the sale ended.

Another few days went by. Then I checked again and, lo, the Optimus V was back in stock! I pounced. All told, the total sale price including tax and shipping was less than the regular product-only cost. I called it a good deal, and began my plans to test it. Best Buy has a pretty good return policy, after all.

I placed my order on a Wednesday, and so didn't get the phone until the following Monday. Those five days were frustrating! But when I did get it, I took pleasure in carrying it to the local library to set it up.

First Impressions

My new phone was shiny, and awesome. Navarr, the awesome dude who hosts this site right now, saw my posts on Facebook and said he'd just gotten an Intercept and that it couldn't play Angry Birds, the immensely popular game. So what was the first app I downloaded? Angry Birds. The Optimus V ran it perfectly.1 Score!

Did I mention that it was a steal at $130? (Current price: $200. Virgin Mobile and/or LGE must have decided they needed a bigger profit margin.) All my comments will use that price for value assessments.

Two Months Later

It still is awesome, and shiny too, but I've taken to carrying a microfiber cloth with me so I can periodically wipe the screen and casing. Both of them do collect significant quantities of finger oils and grime in the course of a day's use (especially if it's a tech set-up day). That's one of the few issues I've had with the device. (The other issue is an incompatibility between the stock Music app and the Last.fm app. It wouldn't be a big deal if Music didn't open automatically, both when I select a media file from the File Expert browser and sometimes when I unplug the headset. I'm working on replacing it completely with Songbird for Android, a mobile version of my favorite desktop media player.) I'm sorry to say, I never started carrying a microfiber cloth for any other purchase. A new phone was just so long in coming, I guess.

As yet I have not activated the service plan. That is on hold until I can offload my old NET10 phone, which has about 1400 minutes (or about $140 worth) of airtime on it. The Optimus V is currently my pocket computer, subsisting on Wi-Fi until I get the data service turned on. It's already been very useful for finding bus routes, thanks to Minneapolis Public Wi-Fi. It will be twenty times as useful once I get rid of my old phone and sign up for Virgin Mobile's service.

Battery

Battery life was reported to be pretty bad, but overall I haven't had any issues with it. Granted, I don't have the cellular radio active (why bother, if I have no service plan yet), but I can get in several hours of Wi-Fi or 10+ hours of reading in ReadItLater2 without having to plug in. I'm hoping the forthcoming software update from Android 2.2 to 2.3 will include even higher efficiency.

Performance

Generally, the phone is very responsive to inputs. It unlocks quickly (using the Draw Pattern option), and seems to only slow down if an application is misbehaving. As mentioned, Angry Birds (both the standard and Rio variants) performs well, and listening to music or watching even standard-definition video clips is stutter-free.

YouTube videos, of course, work well as long as I have a good connection. Streaming audio, such as TuneIn world radio, works also.3 I haven't tested Pandora yet, but I have a feeling that as far as the phone is concerned it will work well. (Some reviews on the Market indicate issues with the app, but that's not the phone's problem.)

On occasion, it would slow down to a crawl and seem to freeze just after connecting to a Wi-Fi network if it hadn't been synced in a while. I now turn off the auto-sync unless I want apps to sync, and that problem has more or less disappeared.

Every so often, I do get the phone to crash. Usually it just hangs, ignoring all button presses until I remove the battery and reboot it. Occasionally it's rebooted itself in the middle of a stuck app uninstall. But those occurrences are pretty rare; I've gone upwards of a week without ever rebooting the system.

Storage

External

I'm still using the 2GB microSD card that came with the phone. Its current contents include 1.09GB of music, every SD-enabled app I have (to free up internal space), one chapter of an OverDrive MP3 audiobook (30 or 40 MB), an EPUB ebook or two (1 – 2 MB each), and several dozen articles downloaded for offline reading in ReadItLater.

I plan to get a larger card in the next few months, as 2GB isn't nearly enough for all the content I want to carry around. I'll price 16GB and 32GB microSD cards and hopefully find a good deal on the latter, the largest the Optimus V supports.

Internal

I have issues with the internal storage memory. It's not that it's bad memory or anything; there just isn't enough of it. The total internal storage available to the user is 178MB, but only about 160MB is usable; past that, the phone will start complaining that it is "Low on [internal] space" and refusing to sync until space is cleared.

Apps to Watch

Some apps are worth noting for their strange or annoying storage habits.

Browser

The Android Browser app appears to store its cache in internal memory, and doesn't provide a setting to change that. If you get a low space warning and have been browsing recently, check the Browser's cache through Settings->Applications->Manage Applications->Browser and clear it if it's more than a few hundred KB. Sometimes it's not so intelligent about throwing away cached items that aren't needed any more.

Facebook / Twitter

Both Facebook4 and Twitter must reside in the phone's memory, and can't be moved to SD. They both consume 2 – 4MB of "Data" storage on top of the 3 – 5MB they use for code, a usage level that pretty much hovers.

Neither can be moved to the SD card. I haven't figured out if they really can't be moved, or if moving is somehow broken because there are (outdated) factory-installed versions in the phone's ROM.

Anything from Google...

Also note that Google's applications (including Maps, Gmail, Reader, and most other offerings) generally can't be moved to the SD card. This means that Maps uses over 10MB of my internal memory, and Gmail another several megabytes.

Goggles can be moved, but it's an exception in Google-land. As a heavy user of Google services, I grudgingly allow space for those apps; but I would very much prefer that they allow themselves to be moved to the SD card.

Ditto to my comments on Facebook & Twitter about moving being possibly broken by outdated factory-installed versions of Google apps in the phone's ROM.

...But Especially Books

Google's Books app has a huge storage appetite. I currently can't use it, because when I allow it to sync and download my books, even with no books stored locally, it uses 8MB of "Data" storage for — as far as I can tell — nothing. The latest update (1.3.4, released in mid-May 2011) improved on the 9+MB use of the previous version, but it's still an issue.

I did report the issue in the forums, but I will be pushing again as I think the app team considers the issue resolved by the update. It's not.

Sorry for ranting. I really enjoyed reading the free books from Google's store until I needed the internal memory consumed by Books for more apps.

Display

In a word, readable. Even in full sunlight, I can crank up the brightness and have a usable phone. The higher brightness settings do suck the battery a bit, but they're handy when I need to check on a bus from a stop during the day.

The only thing I might wish for, display-wise, is an ambient lighting sensor to automatically adjust the brightness in different lighting environments. But that's not something I'd expect to find on a low-end phone.

Text Input

I tried Swype, and disabled it. As far as I can tell, the stock Android 2.2 keyboard is plenty good. Apps that disable its correction features aside5, Android Keyboard's auto-correct, -complete, and -capitalization functions make typing a breeze. It's much easier than a T9-style keypad.

Audio

In general, audio is good. Decent fidelity all around, though not always loud enough.

Oh, and it accepts standard stereo headphones. Don't be put off by the four-conductor earbud set that comes with the phone; typical three-conductor, 3.5" plugs will work just as well for listening (obviously without the button control).

Be aware, though, that if you're trying to plug into an external audio system, the phone's output signal is pretty weak. It's good for driving earbuds and headphones, but you'll have to crank up the gain on (for example) a performance sound system.6

Speaker

The speaker could be louder. It can be hard to hear music playing from it in a noisy setting, such as while walking along a busy street.7 :P

Kidding aside, I usually don't need to crank the volume up all the way. 75% is sufficient for most situations.

One small detail: Sometimes the speaker sounds a bit tinny when playing music, but that could be the quality of my down-converted music8 as much as the speaker.

3.5mm Jack

It's really hard to hear music in earbuds or headphones when a car or truck drives by... :P

Seriously, the output jack emits a good-quality signal. There is one caveat, however.

There seems to be a background hiss whenever I'm using the headphone jack, maybe due to a cheap audio system. (Uh, duh, it's a cheap phone.) It's only annoying in silence or quiet moments in the audio, though.

Otherwise, it's quite satisfactory.

Price Jump

It was unexpected, but not surprising, when I saw the price go up soon after I bought the phone. $150 was a great deal for everything the phone could do, and I'll bet it was selling like hotcakes. Matching the price point of the Samsung Intercept, Virgin Mobile's other Android phone, makes business sense.

At $200, it's a slightly worse deal, but it's still a fully featured Android phone with no contract. (Compare to T-Mobile's $40-with-two-year-contract price for the nearly-identical Optimus T.)

Conclusion

Bottom line: I like the Optimus V. I recommend it to anyone who wants to try out Android without spending $60+ per month. I even recommend it at the $200 price point of today, though don't get it if you don't plan to use it as a phone some day.

Oh, and thanks to Ringtone Maker I now have one awesome alarm clock. That right there is a great reason to get an Android phone. ;-)

Omissions? Mistakes?

Did I miss any facet of the Optimus V that you'd like to know about? Get something completely wrong? Sound off in the comments and I'll update the post accordingly.

  1. OK, so it occasionally gets slow. I haven't come across a single other Android device, especially at this price point, that didn't have an issue here and there. I've even witnessed Angry Birds hanging on a Nook Color. [↩]
  2. ReadItLater is the only paid app on my phone; I got it for 99¢ in April, thanks to a launch sale. Everything else I use at present is free. [↩]
  3. I sometimes like to tune in to Israeli radio stations. [↩]
  4. Oddly enough, the package name is com.facebook.katana. Some unofficial app stole the package ID com.facebook, but I don't know why Facebook didn't just use com.facebook.android... [↩]
  5. I tried several note-taking apps before discovering Catch, a great app that takes photos & audio as well as text, and also syncs notes to the Web. Other options offered no advanced text-entry features, but Catch did. Aside from a few weeks between the 3.0 and 3.0.1 updates when an oversight in the new version disabled the auto-completion features, Catch is a rock-solid app that I recommend for any Android—or iOS [iTunes link] — device. [↩]
  6. This tidbit came from trying to use the phone as a source of work music in the theatre. I initially thought there was something wrong with it, until I remembered that I had a gain control on the board I could crank up. [↩]
  7. Of course, I only know one person who even tries to do this. He complains that the Optimus is horrible at it, but his phone ain't any louder. [↩]
  8. All the music on my phone is 96kbps MP3, converted using fre:ac Portable from originals as high-quality as FLAC and as bad as — yes — 96kbps MP3. [↩]

Filed under: opinion, technology, w00t No Comments
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